STRATEGIC DOCUMENTS
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EU Tests Mutual Assistance Clause in Simulated Attack Scenarios
EU ambassadors have held scenario-based discussions in Brussels on how member states would respond to an attack on an EU country, as the bloc works to clarify the practical application of Article 42(7) of the Treaty on European Union. EU…
France and Greece put EU mutual defence back into operational focus
Emmanuel Macron and Kyriakos Mitsotakis have renewed the Franco-Greek defence partnership in Athens, using the visit to argue that Europe’s mutual assistance clause should be treated as an operational commitment rather than a treaty provision rarely tested in practice. France…
Germany publishes first military strategy as Berlin sets out force-growth and reserve plans
Germany has published a new strategic framework for the Bundeswehr, combining its first military strategy with a force-growth plan, a revised reserve model and an administrative reform agenda, in what Berlin presents as a response to the deteriorating European security…
US defence strategy shifts focus to homeland and Indo-Pacific, with reduced support for allies
The Pentagon has published its National Defense Strategy (NDS) for 2026, setting out a shift in priorities that places homeland defence and the Indo-Pacific at the centre of US military planning, while signalling that allies in Europe and other regions…
From NATO ‘Overreach’ to Territorial Concessions: How the New US Strategy Risks Leaving Ukraine and EU Exposed
The Trump administration’s new National Security Strategy sets out a markedly different approach to Europe, NATO and the war in Ukraine, placing “ending the perception of NATO as a perpetually expanding alliance” among Washington’s priorities and pairing it with sharp…
Estonia open to UK nuclear-capable jets as NATO weighs response to Russian airspace breach
Estonia has signalled it is prepared to host British fighter jets capable of carrying nuclear weapons, as NATO members consider their rules of engagement following the breach of Estonian airspace by Russian aircraft last week. Defence minister Hanno Pevkur said…
Putin’s ‘military-technical’ threat marks a managed escalation ahead of NATO talks on Estonia
Vladimir Putin has shifted from ambiguity to overt threats. On Monday, at an extraordinary meeting of Russia’s Security Council convened on the eve of NATO consultations on an alleged 12-minute Russian incursion into Estonian airspace, the Russian leader warned the…
NATO’s Expenditure Awakening: Europe’s Defence Renaissance, Not Just a Relay Race
There was a time—in the not-so-distant past—when NATO’s annual defence expenditure reports were greeted as regrettable necessities. Europe, it seemed, had other priorities: climate ambitions, social welfare, diplomatic fatigue, and the belief that security would always be outsourced across the…
France Urges Strategic Overhaul as Hybrid Threats and Geopolitical Rivalries Challenge Europe’s Security Architecture
France has issued a forceful call for a redefinition of European security priorities in its newly released National Strategic Review 2025, warning that the continent stands at a critical juncture. The report, published on 13 July by the General Secretariat…